Family Law Articles & Advice

It's beyond frustrating when you know your child wants to live with you or spend longer with you but no one is listening. Our North West family law solicitors are asked whether parents can secretly record their children and use the video clip as evidence in court. If you need help with sorting out custody or contact our experts can advise you on a child arrangement order application and represent you. For family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form. Should I record my child saying they want more contact? If you are separated and your ex-partner is adamant your child says they don’t want to spend more time with you it is tempting to prove your ex wrong. You may want to openly or covertly record your child’s views on their living arrangements. Here are five reasons why it’s not a good idea: Your ex-partner won't believe the recording Your former partner will say you manipulated your child Your child will be told you can't be trusted Your ex-partner may stop the contact you currently have Your ex will bring up the fact that you recorded your child if you make a child arrangement order application Can I secretly record my child and show the recording to the CAFCASS officer? Some parents are tempted to covertly record their children because the referral to CAFCASS seems slow. That’s because, according to CAFCASS statistics, between April 2023 and March 2024 the organisation received 39,661 children’s private law referrals. If you have applied for a child arrangement order and you are getting a bad vibe about what the CAFCASS Section 7 report may say then don’t make the situation worse by secretly recording your child saying that they want to live with you or spend more time with you. If you tell a CAFCASS officer that you have a recording they will want to disclose that to the court and the other parent. The recording may flag up safeguarding concerns. For example, was the child coerced into saying what they said or manipulated? The recording may also raise trust issues. Can you be trusted not to record what the other parent says to you or your meetings with the CAFCASS officer? Can I use a recording of my child as evidence in a child arrangement order application? Let's set the scene. The CAFCASS officer has filed a Section 7 report in your child arrangement order application. The CAFCASS officer says your son does not want extra contact with you. You don’t agree and have recorded your son saying they want to spend every minute of every weekend with you. It’s a cute video. When the CAFCASS officer gives evidence in court you plan to play her your covert recording. It reads like one of those TV court moments. What we can guarantee is: The judge will be unimpressed by your actions and The CAFCASS officer won't say in the witness box that the recommendations in their report are wrong Your actions may mean that you end up with less contact than the judge might otherwise have ordered. When can I use a covert recording of my child in a child arrangement order application? A covert recording can rarely be used in a child arrangement order, specific issue order, prohibited steps order or relocation order application. The reason why CAFCASS officers are asked to prepare a court report on your child’s wishes and feelings is so they can independently find out your child’s views on living arrangements and make recommendations. If you secretly record your child and ask to use the recording as evidence the judge will decide whether to allow you to do so. They make their decision based on previous case law and guidance issued by the Family Justice Council. If I can't use a recording, can I ask the judge to meet my child? It is rare for the judge to meet with a child because: It is thought that going to court is stressful for children The child doesn’t get to decide on the child arrangement order application The CAFCASS officer's job is to relay your child’s wishes to the court If the judge does decide to see an older child, the judge will normally meet them in a private room and not in the courtroom. Neither parent will be present at the meeting although the judge will relay the gist of what the young person said. [related_posts] If I can't use a recording of my child, how can I involve them in sorting out their living arrangements? Understandably parents and older children can get frustrated if they think they are not being listened to. Equally children of any age should not think that if they say what they want to do then that’s what will happen. Their preferred residence or contact plans may not be suitable for either parent or fit in around parental work schedules. There are lots of ways your child can get involved in working out the best post-separation living arrangements: Family discussions Family mediation Being made a party to the court proceedings Family discussions only work if you and your ex-partner can have a civil discussion. If not, it isn’t fair to involve your child in direct discussions. Family mediation can include an older child but the mediator must be qualified in this type of mediation. It can work well if you have a teen - although neither you nor your ex-partner may like what your child has to say. When child arrangement order proceedings are started, either parent can ask the judge to order that the child is joined as a party to the court application. It's rare for the court to agree to this request other than in complicated situations or where the court thinks that neither parent is saying what the child wants. Why should I not video-record what residence and contact arrangements my child wants? Covert video recordings may appear the simple solution when you and your ex can't agree on what your child wants but: Your child’s wishes are not the only factor in deciding living arrangements Court guidelines and caselaw are against it Recordings can be counter-productive You may be found to be manipulative and controlling Before you decide to record your child either openly or covertly speak to a children law solicitor so you understand the implications and what it could mean for you in your battle to get to see more of your son or daughter. For family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form.

When you split up from your husband or wife you need a financial settlement and a financial court order. A financial settlement can be negotiated or decided on by a judge if you cannot reach an agreement. Whether you reach a financial settlement by agreement or after issuing financial court proceedings it's essential to understand your financial settlement legal costs. In this blog, our North West family law solicitors explain financial settlement costs. For family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form. How much should a divorce cost? Your no-fault divorce is normally an agreed fixed fee. Divorce solicitors can offer you a fixed fee divorce because there is a standard procedure to follow to help you secure your divorce. In addition to your no-fault divorce legal costs, you may have additional legal fees: Financial settlement Legal advice on living arrangements for your children Injunction costs if there has been domestic abuse in your relationship How much should a financial court order cost? It is impossible to offer everyone one fixed legal fee for a financial court order because there are so many variables, such as: Your ex-partner won't give financial disclosure Your former spouse is hiding assets Your ex won't sensibly negotiate If you can reach a financial settlement our divorce solicitors may be able to offer a fixed fee financial court order. If you can't agree on how assets are split our specialists will give you a cost quote for court representation based on what we know about the complexities of your family finances. What is a fixed fee financial court order? A fixed fee financial court order is when your financial settlement lawyer has agreed to obtain a financial court order for you at a fixed cost. That’s normally where you have reached a financial agreement through: Solicitor negotiations Family mediation Direct discussions Fixed fee financial court orders at Evolve Family Law At Evolve Family Law we offer three types of fixed fees for financial court orders. The financial court order fixed fees reflect the amount of work involved in securing your financial order: Tier 1 – an agreed financial settlement without complicated assets Tier 2 – an agreed financial court order with more complex assets, such as a pension share Tier 3 – bespoke fixed fee quote as your agreed financial settlement involves a trading family company or there are international assets Our divorce solicitors can explain the fixed fee for your financial court order so you know how much you will spend in total fixed fees for your no-fault divorce and agreed financial court order. Why can't I get a fixed fee for representation in financial proceedings to obtain a financial court order? If you haven’t been able to reach a financial settlement with your husband or wife then one of you may need to apply to court for a financial court order. Every financial application is different but normally there are three financial court hearings: First directions appointment Financial dispute resolution hearing Final hearing Some couples have extra financial court hearings, such as: Injunction application to stop your spouse from transferring or selling assets Interim spousal maintenance because temporary maintenance can't be agreed Extra financial disclosure hearing because your ex refuses to disclose all their assets Third-party involvement such as parents with a financial interest in the family home or the trustees of a discretionary trust [related_posts] Why don’t divorce solicitors offer fixed fees for representation in financial court proceedings? It's hard to offer a fair fixed fee for representation in non-agreed financial court proceedings because there are so many variables, such as: Time to investigate if assets are complex such as family businesses or discretionary trusts Time for final hearings as the final hearing could be a day or a week in length The amount of paperwork as the documents to check can run to hundreds or thousands of pages The need for experts such as pension actuaries, forensic accountants or barristers Fixed fees may not be fair to you when there are so many unknowns. For example: You and your ex may settle at the first court hearing Things may not be as complicated as they first appeared At Evolve Family Law we provide a financial settlement cost quote based on the information you give us. That quote is based on our hourly published charges. The fees can be broken down into stages and court dates. The fees can be reviewed as your financial court proceedings progress. For example, if you need to apply to court to enforce a financial court order. Understanding your divorce and financial settlement legal fees Our divorce solicitors believe it’s important to understand your legal fees. That way you can help keep them under control. Judges sometimes warn warring husbands and wives that they are at risk of spending too much on legal fees. In the recent case of LI v FT (Maintenance Pending Suit: Costs) [2024] EWFC 342 (B) (19 July 2024) the judge pleaded with a divorcing couple to rein in their legal spending before they ran out of money. This case is an extreme example as the couple had spent £40,000 in fees in a month and could not continue to afford that level of legal expenditure despite the husband's annual salary of £350,000 plus bonuses. The judge said every pound the couple spent fighting each other was a pound that would no longer be available for them and their children. That’s something important to remember as while you don’t want to be a push over you also don’t want your divorce solicitors to be the only winner in your battle to get a fair financial settlement. At Evolve Family Law our divorce solicitors welcome inquiries to discuss how we can help you secure an agreed financial court order or represent you in financial proceedings and to give you information about costs and timescales. For family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form.  

The Family Justice Council has issued new guidance for family courts in England and Wales on alienating behaviour and parental alienation. The new guidance follows an increase in accusations of alienating behaviour to counter allegations of domestic abuse in child arrangement order applications. Our North West family law solicitors can help if you are a separated or divorced parent and unable to agree on the parenting arrangements for your children. We can explain the court process and the non-court-based resolution options and advise you on the impact of allegations of domestic abuse and/or alienating behaviour on custody and contact arrangements. For family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form. The Family Justice Council guidance on alienating behaviour The 2024 Family Justice Council (FJC) guidance guides courts, family law professionals and parents on: The terminology to use where there are allegations of alienating behaviour The court process How the courts should consider allegations of domestic abuse and alienating behaviour The use of experts where allegations of alienating behaviour are made Listening to children and assessing their welfare needs Key points from the Family Justice Council guidance: There are three key points from the FJC guidance: Domestic abuse should not be equated with parental alienation A child’s reluctance to see a parent does not mean they have been subject to parental alienation without evidence and a court finding of alienating behaviour Findings of alienating behaviour will be rare New terminology from the Family Justice Council guidance on alienating behaviour The guidance suggests the use of the following terminology by courts and family law professionals: Attachment, affinity and alignment (AAA) – why children may not want to spend time with one parent or reject a parent. These reasons are not due to psychological manipulation by a parent or alienating behaviour but just a child’s emotional response to their experience of being parented Appropriate justified rejection (AJR) – where a child not wanting to spend time with one parent is considered an understandable response to the parent’s behaviour. The behaviour could be directed to the child or other parent. For example, if the child has witnessed domestic abuse towards one parent Alienating Behaviours (AB) – psychologically manipulative behaviours (whether intentional or not) by a parent towards a child that results in the child’s reluctance, resistance or refusal to spend time with the parent Protective Behaviours (PB) – behaviour by a parent to protect the child from exposure to abuse by the other parent, or from suffering harm or additional harm because of the other parent’s abuse. For example, if a parent has unresolved anger management or addiction issues that affect their parenting Reluctance, resistance or refusal (RRR) – behaviours by a child over contact and their relationship with a parent and the reasons for the reluctance, resistance or refusal to see one parent may be due to a variety of potential causes [related_posts] Making allegations of alienating behaviour in child arrangement order proceedings The new FJC guidance does not stop allegations of alienating behaviour being made by a parent unable to see their child or where they only have limited contact. However, the guidance does try to stop the practice of an allegation of alienating behaviour being made in child arrangement order applications where an accusation of domestic abuse has been made as an almost automatic counter to the initial allegation. If a parent has engaged in alienating behaviour the person alleging the alienating behaviour needs to show that: The child is reluctant, resisting or refusing to engage in a relationship with you The child’s reluctance, resistance or refusal is related to the other parent's actions. If the child doesn’t want to see you for different reasons, then this is either called ‘’appropriate justified rejection’’ (AJR) or down to ‘’alignment, affinity or attachment’’ (AAA) The other parent has engaged in behaviours that have directly or indirectly impacted on the child, leading to the child’s reluctance, resistance or refusal to engage in a relationship with you If you think your child has been encouraged to reject you and to refuse contact with you it is important to say this at the outset of your child arrangement order application. This means the court can: Consider which type of family court judge should decide your child arrangement order application The type of involvement and report needed from CAFCASS If there is a need for a separate finding of fact hearing and other case management issues The need for expert evidence The later you raise these allegations in the court process the harder you may find it to get the court to conclude that it is necessary and proportionate to fully investigate your concerns. Responding to allegations of alienating behaviour in child arrangement order applications If you are a parent accused of alienating behaviour it’s important to talk to a specialist family law solicitor who can explain the court process, your non-court resolution options and the best strategy to deal with the accusations of alienating behaviour. This strategy will depend on whether you are the parent of a stroppy teenager who doesn’t want to spend much time with either parent or a clingy two-year-old who likes their routine and home comforts or a football/ballet-mad eight-year-old who doesn’t want to miss out on matches or performances. Whatever your family circumstances or child’s age our children lawyers can help you if you are a separated or divorced parent unable to agree on the parenting arrangements for your children and in a dispute over the reasons why a child does not want to spend time with one parent. For family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form.

When you are a separated parent you need to know how much you will be receiving or paying in child support. Otherwise, how do you know if you can afford your mortgage or rent payments or if you can book to take your child on holiday? Whether you think the child maintenance payments are too high or too low there is some benefit in knowing there is a fixed amount payable. However, our Northwest family law solicitors are asked about when child maintenance can be recalculated and varied. For expert family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form. Can child maintenance be varied? Child maintenance can be varied. How and when you go about doing so depends on how the payments are made. The payments could be through: Voluntary payments – called a family based agreement Child Maintenance Service with the Service either just carrying out the assessment or assessing the figure and sorting out the payments Family court order Who can ask for child maintenance to be changed? The person paying the child support or the parent receiving it can ask for the level of child maintenance to be changed. For example, the parent paying child support is entitled to ask for child maintenance to be reviewed if: Parenting arrangements change. For example, if the child moves to live with them, the arrangements are changed to shared parenting or if there is an increase in overnight contact visits Income changes. For example, they lose their job, overtime payments or other sources of income Personal or financial circumstances change such as moving in with a partner who has children, having another child, separating from a partner and being assessed as liable to pay child support for other children, increasing pension contributions Sometimes the parent paying child maintenance thinks a review of child support is justified when under the child maintenance rules it isn’t. For example, if the parent who receives the child support: Starts a new relationship and their partner moves in so the parent is getting help with their bills Has a change of financial circumstances such as getting a promotion at work, a better paid job or inherits money Stops child contact without good reason but expects child support to still be paid Uses the child maintenance money in a way that the payer is unhappy about. For example, the parent looking after the children going off on annual holidays without the children or appears to spend the child support on their own clothes and hobbies rather than on the children [related_posts] Can a parent request a review of child support? A paying parent or a parent receiving child support can always ask for a review of child support where the child maintenance is being paid voluntarily. Child support will not normally go up by inflation unless that is how you agree to increases in child support. If you have been using the Child Maintenance Service formula to calculate the maintenance payable for your child it is usual to review the amount based on any changes to the paying parent’s gross income and any other relevant changes, such as the frequency of overnight contact. Will the Child Maintenance Service carry out a child support review? The Child Maintenance Service will carry out an annual review of an earlier child support assessment to see if the child maintenance figure should go up or down. A request can be made for an earlier review but the Child Maintenance Service will normally only undertake the review if there has been a change of 25% or more in the paying parent’s gross income or other limited situations. Will the court vary the amount of child support payable? The court can only make a child support order for a biological child in limited circumstances. If the child support is for a stepchild the Child Maintenance Service does not have jurisdiction and a court order can be made and varied. In most cases, where the court order is for child maintenance for a biological child, once the court order is over 12 months old you cannot apply back to the court to vary or enforce it. What happens if I need more financial support? If you need more child support than the child maintenance calculation provided by the Child Maintenance Service (or after you have carried out your own online calculation) then provided you were married or in a civil partnership with the child’s biological parent you can ask for spousal maintenance in addition to the child support. You won't be able to ask for spousal maintenance if: You were not married or in a civil partnership with the child’s other parent You agreed to a clean break financial court order as part of your divorce financial settlement You have remarried What happens if I can't afford child maintenance? If you can't afford to pay child support you can negotiate a reduction if you are paying voluntarily or you can ask the Child Maintenance Service to conduct a review based on a change in your circumstances. If your gross income has not changed but your outgoings have increased this will not change the amount payable by you in child maintenance other than in limited circumstances. For example, if your mortgage payments have gone up your child support payments stay the same unless there has been a change in your gross income. Legal advice and child support Asking for a review of the amount of child support can make the relationship between separated or divorced parents more difficult. However, the amount paid in child support must be kept under review as the figure will need to go up or down as income levels change. Our family law solicitors can help you negotiate child support as part of your divorce financial settlement or we can help you review the amount of child maintenance payable when financial or contact arrangements change. For friendly expert family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form.

When you are looking for a Northwest divorce solicitor two of your questions may be the cost of a divorce and the divorce lawyer’s speed and ability to deliver on a promise of a quick divorce. In this blog, our divorce solicitors answer your questions on divorce costs. For expert divorce advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form. How much does a quick divorce cost? At Evolve Family Law we believe in being upfront about our fees and publish our fixed fee costs on our website. We offer fixed fees for a range of family law services including a fixed-fee divorce service if you are the sole applicant for a divorce. The fixed fee divorce service is appropriate for most divorce applicants but won't be appropriate for your circumstances if your spouse intends to oppose the divorce or if you do not know where your spouse is living or if your spouse is living overseas. We welcome phone calls to discuss starting divorce proceedings and to offer information on the likely costs. For example, if you would like a quote to make a joint divorce application with your husband or wife or if your spouse lives overseas and you need a bespoke divorce quote. Most people benefit from an initial relationship breakdown consultation at a separate fixed fee so we can provide preliminary advice and advise on your best route. If you are trying to compare other fixed-fee divorce quotes you should check that those quotes include VAT and the divorce court fee. Our quotes do so to ensure you know the final figure. What does a fixed-fee divorce quote cover? A fixed-fee divorce quote covers: Advising you on the procedure for a no-fault divorce Preparing the divorce application and statement Applying to court and submitting the application and fee Corresponding with the court and your spouse Applying for your conditional order of divorce Applying for your final order of divorce The final order concludes the divorce proceedings. The fixed fee quote does not cover the situation where your spouse decides to defend your divorce application. This is very rare because, in no-fault divorce proceedings, a respondent can only defend a divorce on limited grounds. For example, a divorce can be defended if your spouse says you are not legally married to one another or if divorce proceedings have already been started in another country. A respondent to a divorce application can no longer oppose the application simply because they don’t want to get divorced. [related_posts] What isn’t included in a fixed-fee divorce quote? It's important to understand what isn’t included in a fixed-fee divorce quote so you can fully budget for your legal costs. The fixed-fee divorce quote covers the divorce application. It does not cover an initial consultation meeting to discuss matters such as: Whether you can get your husband or wife to leave the family home Whether your spouse will need to pay you spousal maintenance or child support until you can agree on a financial settlement Child care arrangements for your children including residence and contact Advice on potential financial settlement options Help with applying for a non-molestation order or occupation order We offer a relationship breakdown consultation initial review meeting for a fixed fee where we can discuss your preliminary legal questions about your separation and provide advice on your next steps. If you reach a financial agreement with your spouse, we also offer a fixed fee service to convert your agreement into a binding financial court order. Wherever possible we offer fixed-fee services. Where it is not possible to do so, we give you clear information about the hourly rate used by your divorce solicitor and provide information about the likely costs and timescales. Some people question why family law solicitors can't provide a fixed fee to obtain a child arrangement order or financial court order. That's because a child arrangement order application may involve one court hearing or ten hearings. A financial application may settle at the second court hearing (called a financial dispute resolution hearing) or a complex financial court application may result in a ten-day contested final hearing. For accurate cost information, it is always best to speak to our specialist family law solicitors as they will be able to give you an idea of costs and timescales if you need bespoke children law or divorce financial settlement advice. How long does a quick divorce take? Any divorce solicitor will take around six months to complete your divorce application and secure your final order of divorce. You may think that isn’t quick but the divorce timeframe isn’t down to your divorce lawyer. It takes around six months to get a no-fault divorce because the court imposes mandatory delays on you. Court rules say you must wait 20 weeks between stages one and two of your divorce and then there is a further six-week wait between your conditional and applying for your final order of divorce. Our divorce solicitors understand that the delays in the divorce process can be frustrating, especially when your spouse has agreed to a quick divorce. While we cannot shorten the mandatory delays, we can use the time to help you negotiate the parenting and contact arrangements and help you negotiate a financial settlement. If you reach a financial agreement, we can ask the court to make a financial consent order once you have got your conditional order of divorce. For friendly expert divorce advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form.

A Form E does not form part of the no-fault divorce proceedings process so Form E isn’t compulsory in divorce. However, if you or your spouse can't reach an agreed financial settlement and one of you applies to the court for a financial order, you will be ordered to complete a Form E. In this article, our North West family law solicitors look at when you need to complete a Form E and why. For expert family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form. What is Form E? Form E is a standard court form that must be completed if you apply for or respond to a financial application made under the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 – when you and your estranged or ex-spouse have not been able to reach a financial agreement. In the Form E, you must provide standard personal and financial information. Form E is intended to form the starting point for any further questions about your finances or plans. It will stand as the basis for your evidence if you have to go to a final hearing and give verbal evidence. As Form E is a crucial document in the financial court process it is important to get legal advice from a specialist family lawyer on how to complete it. Form E and unmarried relationships The Form E only needs to be completed if you are or were married or in a civil partnership – you don’t need to complete Form E if you or your ex-partner were in an unmarried relationship. Form E during or after divorce proceedings There is a common misunderstanding that Form E forms part of the divorce proceedings court process and that you need to fill it in to get a divorce. You don’t. You can get divorced without either you or your spouse applying to the court for a financial order. The judge does not have to make a financial order before they grant a conditional order of divorce or final order. However, most family law solicitors recommend that you don’t finalise your divorce proceedings until you take advice from a divorce lawyer on whether it is in your best interests to do so. For example, if you get divorced you will not be entitled to money from your spouse’s pension if they die before you. Without a financial court order in place, you won't be entitled to a share of your former spouse’s pension fund through a pension sharing order. That’s why you may want to sort out your divorce financial settlement before you apply for the final divorce order. If you are divorced or are in the process of getting divorced, and you decide to apply for a financial order, the court will process your financial application and make a standard direction and timetabling order. This will include a date for filing and exchanging Form E. Form E if you have reached a financial agreement If you have reached a financial agreement with your husband, wife or civil partner you won't need to file a Form E if you are asking the court to convert your agreement into a binding financial consent order. Instead, you will both need to complete Form D81. Form D81 is the abbreviated name for a statement of financial information. It is a couple of pages long compared to the 30-page Form E but you still need to disclose the value of all your assets. The judge won't approve an agreed financial consent order unless you are either mid-way through a financial application and have filed the long Form E or you complete Form D81. [related_posts] Form E if you are applying to vary an earlier financial court order If you are asking the court to vary a financial order you will still need to fill in Form E but you may not have to complete all of it. For example, if your application is to vary the amount of spousal maintenance or to extend the spousal maintenance term. Form E if you signed a prenuptial agreement If you signed a prenuptial agreement or a postnuptial agreement, you may question why you need to complete a Form E. You won't need to do so if you and your spouse are asking the family court to make an agreed financial court order in accordance with the terms in your prenuptial agreement. You will both need to complete Form D81. If you or your spouse think that the terms of the prenuptial agreement are unfair and one of you is asking the judge to ignore the contents of your prenuptial agreement you may need to complete a Form E. The person who wants to rely on the prenuptial agreement can ask for a preliminary hearing for the judge to rule on whether Form E completion is necessary and justified. Compulsory Form E Form E is compulsory in a financial application. The court will give a date for completion and exchange of Form E as part of the financial disclosure process. If Form E isn’t completed on time this can throw out the court timetable. If you are ordered to complete Form E it's best to speak to a family law solicitor quickly rather than leave it to shortly before the Form E filing deadline. If you have left it late, or you are beyond the court deadline, it's still best to get advice. A divorce solicitor may be able to get your spouse and their solicitor to extend the deadline and will be able to advise you on how to complete Form E and represent you in the court application. Many people resent the compulsory nature of Form E. They think it is intrusive or irrelevant. For example, if they were only married for 12 months or signed a prenuptial agreement. Others think that they can ignore parts of Form E. For example, not include a pension because it was started before the marriage or an inheritance because it was received after the separation. Others don’t realise that they need to complete Form E fully and the relevance of questions about health or their plans to cohabit with a new partner. A family lawyer can explain why all these Form E questions are relevant and why all assets must be disclosed even if you have a good argument to say that the value of some assets, such as a post-separation inheritance, should be ignored when the judge makes their financial court order using the argument that the asset is not a family or matrimonial asset and should therefore be ring-fenced. Voluntary completion of Form E Many separating couples voluntarily agree to exchange Form E during solicitor negotiations, family mediation, or if they agree to participate in family arbitration or a private financial dispute resolution hearing. In many scenarios, it makes sense to voluntarily fill in Form E as unless Form E are exchanged your spouse may think that you are trying to hide assets or they will say that they don’t have the information they need to reach a financial settlement. Whether you are filling in Form E on a voluntary or compulsory basis our specialist family law solicitors can help you complete Form E and advise you on your financial settlement options or we can convert your agreement into a binding financial court order. For expert family law advice call our team of specialist divorce lawyers or complete our online enquiry form.

If you or your husband or wife has a Will written before your marriage then what is its status after your marriage or civil partnership? It is best not to make assumptions and think that the Will either remains valid or that it is scrapped and invalid. Wills are governed by private client law and it is easy to get caught out. If you are the one who is left as a widow or widower assumptions can have devastating financial consequences for you. If you are a child from a previous marriage and your parent has passed away there can be equally devastating consequences from a parent not realising that they needed to make a new Will to protect you. In this blog, our Will solicitors look at what happens if you write a Will before your marriage or civil partnership. For expert Will and estate planning advice call our team or complete our online enquiry form. Wills written before marriage A Will can be written before marriage and be valid after the wedding BUT the Will must say it is being made in contemplation of marriage. When you make a Will in contemplation of marriage you include a clause saying the Will has been made in the full knowledge of your pending marriage to a specified person and that your marriage should not make the Will invalid. A Will made in contemplation of marriage is allowed under Section 18 of the Wills Act 1837. Since 2005 this also includes civil partnerships. Our private client solicitors recommend that you take specialist advice if you are thinking of making a Will in contemplation of marriage because if you get the wording wrong your Will could be invalidated by your subsequent marriage or civil partnership. The 1837 Wills Act says that you must: Name the person you are marrying – you can't say when signing a Will at age 18 that if you get married at some point in the future your brother won't get your estate and instead most of your estate will go to any future husband or wife The marriage or civil partnership must take place within a reasonable period. That’s normally at most a year. A long engagement or an engagement without a set ceremony date won't work for you If you made a Will in contemplation of your marriage but you are now not sure about its validity our Will solicitors can advise you on whether you need a new Will. For an appointment call our team or complete our online enquiry form. [related_posts] Wills invalid after marriage If you signed a Will before your marriage or civil partnership and it wasn’t said to be made in contemplation of your marriage or if it didn’t comply with the 1837 Act then the Will is invalid. That’s the case even if your Will left your estate to your fiancé. If there is no Will (because your old Will was revoked by your marriage or civil partnership) then your estate will be distributed under intestacy rules. This may mean that your husband or wife will get a lot less than you expected because of the way that intestacy rules work. It will also mean that any gifts to family, friends or charity won't be valid as your earlier Will was revoked by your marriage. Instead, other family members may end up sharing your estate with your husband or wife. That’s the case whether you were married for ten months or ten years at the date of your death. As well as your Will being invalid after marriage any careful tax and estate planning may be worthless. That means your estate could end up paying more in inheritance tax. Why the intestacy rules may not work for your family If you are getting married you need to consider: Signing a prenuptial agreement Sorting out insurance and pension nominations Writing a new Will in contemplation of your marriage or civil partnership or making an appointment to see a Will solicitor after your wedding If you die before your spouse or civil partner and there is no valid Will because your marriage revoked your earlier Will, the intestacy rules will apply. Under the current regime, your spouse or civil partner will either get all your estate or part of it. The rules say: If the deceased was married or in a civil partnership and has no children, all their estate goes to their spouse or civil partner If the deceased was married or in a civil relationship and has children, the first £322,000 of their estate and any personal possessions goes to their spouse or civil partner. Anything over £322,000 is then divided. The spouse or civil partner receives 50% of the balance over £322,000. The deceased’s children are entitled to the other 50% divided equally between them. This rule applies even if the deceased is estranged from adult children or an adult child is wealthy and has no need for an inheritance. However, if the deceased had step-children then under the law they don’t qualify as children so won't get anything under the intestacy rules Even if you think that the intestacy rules will result in fair estate provision you should still make a Will or a new Will after your marriage or civil partnership because: The intestacy rules could change Your assets could increase in value. For example, property prices or your receiving an inheritance You may want to cover what happens if you have children in the future. For example, leaving money in trust for them or appointing a testamentary guardian All your assets may not form part of your estate and be left under the intestacy rules. For example, if you bought a property jointly with a sibling as joint tenants then your share of the property will pass under the right of survivorship to your sibling and not under the intestacy rules You want to reduce the risk of your estate being the subject of an inheritance challenge as your spouse or child is unhappy with what they are receiving under the intestacy rules or a family member says the intestacy rules don’t make reasonable financial provision for them With the help of a specialist Will solicitor making a Will in contemplation of your marriage or after your marriage or civil partnership is straightforward - even where there are complex family dynamics or significant assets. Our private client advisors can focus on your goals and draw up a Will that does what you need it to do by reflecting your wishes and protecting all your loved ones. For expert Will and estate planning advice call our team or complete our online enquiry form.

Most homeowners are concerned about the cost of aging and funding later life care. If you have worked hard to buy a property the likelihood is that you want to be able to leave your property to your children rather than see your hard-earned equity disappear in paying care home fees. Our private client solicitors provide estate planning advice. We can advise you on your Will and answer your questions on estate planning. For help with your Will and estate planning call us or complete our online form. Trusts and care home fees  Our private client solicitors come across situations where parents have spent thousands in legal fees to transfer their family home into a trust in the belief that the money spent on fees represented good value for money because the trust would protect the family home from being sold to pay care home fees and ultimately save their family hundreds of thousands of pounds. When our Will solicitors come across these situations it is frustrating. We can often spot that the money spent on putting a home into a trust was wasted and would have been better spent on a luxury cruise for the homeowners or on helping grandchildren with a deposit for their first home. If something seems to be too good to be true it often is. You should ask yourself: If the trust scheme is so good why isn’t everyone doing it? If the trust scheme works why hasn’t the government closed the loophole?  If your parents or grandparents mention a care home scheme it should raise a red flag and sound the warning bells.  If you are tempted to put your family home into a trust or want to recommend a care home money-saving scheme to your parents, our private client solicitors recommend that you take advice from a qualified estate planning lawyer before you do so.    [related_posts]  Using trust companies to avoid care home fees  With many of these care home schemes, the idea is that a family home is transferred to a trust company so the homeowner is no longer the legal owner. The former owner therefore cannot sell the property to pay for their care home fees. That principle sounds fine as the homeowner is told they are legally protected by a trust deed allowing them to live in the property rent-free. The trust company is responsible for the management of the property and ultimately will hand over the property to the beneficiaries of the trust when the homeowner has passed away. There are many problems with setting up a trust and placing a family home into it. These include: You are no longer the homeowner. If you need to raise equity with a lifetime mortgage you cannot do so The local authority may say the trust is a sham and accuse you of intentionally depriving yourself of assets to avoid payment of care home fees. The local authority can refuse to accept that the property is really outside your control and you are then at risk of an expensive and time-consuming battle with the council. When conducting means testing for care home fees the local authority could say that as you have deliberately deprived yourself of an asset the value of the family home will still be counted and you are therefore ineligible for free care home funding. Ultimately, the council could claim costs in any civil litigation if they think the trust was deliberately set up to evade care home fees and you will have spent thousands in fees in a scheme that does not work and leaves you without control of your property  You may have placed your property in trust as part of an inheritance tax reduction scheme and thought the scheme costs were modest compared to the amount your estate could save in IHT. However, in some cases, homeowners have gone into these trust schemes without being aware that their estate would be exempt from inheritance tax or would only have a nominal bill to pay because of the available inheritance tax exemptions  An unregulated and unqualified advisor recommending a trust to you may not explain the inheritance tax implications of your passing away within seven years of placing the family home into the trust Estate planning  When our estate planning solicitors sit down with you, we will talk with you about your assets, family, goals and priorities. We will give you clear and honest advice about why getting a management company to place the family home in trust may be a bad and expensive idea. A trust may be a good idea for a limited number of people. However, anyone contemplating putting property in trust should take specialist advice from a qualified estate planning solicitor to ensure that you and your family fully understand the risk and come to an informed decision. For help with your Will and estate planning call us or complete our online form.